Satellite & Navigation System Quiz

                           Satellite & Navigation System Quiz

Apne space aur tech knowledge ko test karein!

1. Haal hi mein charcha mein raha 'Kavach 4.0' Bharat ka ek automatic train protection system hai. Yeh kis satellite navigation system ke data ka upyog train ki sateek position janne ke liye karta hai?

• GPS (USA)
• NavIC (Bharat)
• BeiDou (China)
• GLONASS (Russia)

Sahi Uttar: NavIC (Bharat)
NavIC (ISRO dwara viksit) Bharat aur uske aas-pas ke kshetro mein sateek positioning aur timing pradan karta hai, jo Kavach 4.0 ke liye mahatvapurna hai.

2. Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations (jaise Starlink ya OneWeb) ka sabse bada takniki fayda Traditional Geostationary (GEO) satellites ki tulna mein kya hai?

• Kam Latency (Low Latency)
• Bada Coverage Area
• Lambi Lifetime
• Kam Satellites ki jarurat

Sahi Uttar: Kam Latency
Dharti ke karib hone ke karan LEO satellites mein data transmission delay (latency) lagbhag 20-40ms hoti hai, jo GEO ke ~600ms se kafi kam hai.

3. China ke BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) ki kaun si nayi pehal ya feature ise standard GPS se alag banati hai, jo sankat ke samay kafi upyogi hai?

• Short Message Communication (SMC)
• Voice Calling Feature
• Solar Charging Support
• Underwater Navigation

Sahi Uttar: Short Message Communication (SMC)
BeiDou ke pass ek anokhi do-tarfa short message communication suvidha hai, jisse bina cellular network ke bhi sankat ke samay SMS bheja ja sakta hai.

4. Aadunika satellite communication mein 'Direct-to-Cell' taknik ka kya matlab hai?

• Normal smartphones ka seedhe satellite se connect hona
• Sirf 2G towers ko satellite se jodhna
• Sim card ke bina internet chalana
• Fiber optic cables ko replace karna

Sahi Uttar: Normal smartphones ka seedhe satellite se connect hona
Direct-to-Cell technology standard LTE/5G phones ko bina kisi hardware badlav ke seedhe satellite se connectivity pradan karti hai.

5. ISRO ke NavIC system ka naya civil band kaun sa hai jise aam smartphones mein aasani se integrate karne ke liye shamil kiya gaya hai?

• S-Band
• L1 Band
• C-Band
• Ku-Band

Sahi Uttar: L1 Band
ISRO ne naye satellites mein L1 band shamil kiya hai, jo commercial aur wearable gadgets mein sabse zyada upyog hota hai.

6. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) ka upyog satellite communications mein kis uddeshya ke liye kiya ja raha hai?

• Data transmission ki speed badhane ke liye
• Hack-proof ya behad surakshit communication ke liye
• Satellite ka vajan kam karne ke liye
• Satellite ki orbit badalne ke liye

Sahi Uttar: Hack-proof ya behad surakshit communication ke liye
QKD quantum mechanics ka upyog karke encryption keys banata hai, jise agar koi hack karne ki koshish kare toh turant pata chal jata hai.

7. Naye zamane ke satellite internet routers mein 'Phased Array Antenna' ka kya kaam hota hai?

• Bina hile-dule chalte hue satellite ko track karna
• Satellite ko electricity bhejna
• Weather forecast data collect karna
• Signal ko analog se digital mein badalna

Sahi Uttar: Bina hile-dule chalte hue satellite ko track karna
Phased array antennas electronically beam ko steer karte hain, jisse bina dish ko ghumaye LEO satellites se signal judha rehta hai.

8. GPS ke sabsay naye aur aadhunik version 'GPS III' mein civil users ke liye kya naya sudhar kiya gaya hai?

• 3 guna behtar sateekta (accuracy) aur majboot anti-jamming
• Isse internet free ho jata hai
• Yeh satellites dharti ke sabsay paas hain
• Yeh sirf military ke liye kaam karta hai

Sahi Uttar: 3 guna behtar sateekta aur majboot anti-jamming
GPS III satellites civil signals ko 3 guna zyada sateek banati hain aur up to 8 guna behtar anti-jamming kshamta pradan karti hain.

9. Naye satellites mein 'Electric Propulsion' (jaise Hall-effect thrusters) ka upyog kyon badh raha hai?

• Kyanki yeh satellite ki speed light ke barabar kar deta hai
• Kyanki isme fuel ka vajan kam hota hai aur satellite ka jeevankal badhta hai
• Kyanki isme solar panels ki jarurat nahi hoti
• Yeh satellite ko crash hone se bacha kar dharti par vapis lata hai

Sahi Uttar: Fuel ka vajan kam hota hai aur jeevankal badhta hai
Electric propulsion xenon gas aur electricity ka upyog karta hai, jo chemical fuel ke mukable behad halka hota hai aur lambe samay tak chalta hai.

10. Duniya ka kaun sa navigation system sabsay pehle 'Dual-Frequency' (L1 aur L5) ka upyog karke smartphones mein meter-level se sub-meter level accuracy dene ke liye jana gaya?

• Galileo (Europe)
• GLONASS (Russia)
• IRNSS (NavIC)
• GPS (Purana version)

Sahi Uttar: Galileo (Europe)
Galileo ne dual-frequency signals pradan karne mein agwayi ki, jisse high-end smartphones ko bohot sateek location milti hai.

11. Satellite communication mein 'Laser Communications' (Optical Inter-Satellite Links) ka kya mahatva hai?

• Isse ground stations ki sankhya kam ho jati hai aur internet speed badhti hai
• Isse satellite aakash mein chamakne lagte hain
• Iska upyog space kachra ko jalane ke liye hota hai
• Yeh badal aur barish ke mausam mein signal block kar deta hai

Sahi Uttar: Ground stations ki sankhya kam hoti hai aur speed badhti hai
Laser ISLs ke jariye space mein hi ek satellite dusre satellite ko data transfer kar deta hai, jisse bar-bar ground station par data bhejne ki jarurat nahi padti.

12. GPS (Global Positioning System) mein sateek samay nirdharan ke liye kis ghadi (clock) ka upyog kiya jata hai?

• Quartz Clock
• Atomic Clock (Parmanu Ghadi)
• Mechanical Chronometer
• Digital Smart Clock

Sahi Uttar: Atomic Clock (Parmanu Ghadi)
Satellites ke andar Rubidium ya Cesium Atomic Clocks hoti hain, jo ek sekand ke arabwein hisse tak ka sateek samay batati hain.

13. Sanket ke samay upyog hone wale 'Cospas-Sarsat' system ke naye 'MEOSAR' upgradation ka kya fayda hai?

• Turant (kuch hi minutes mein) location ka pata lagana
• Sanket mein fansay vyakti ko khana bhejna
• Ship ke raste ko badal dena
• Accident ko hone se rokna

Sahi Uttar: Turant location ka pata lagana
MEOSAR system ke jariye aakash mein bohot saari navigation satellites ek sath beacon ko dekhti hain, jisse sateek location minutes mein mil jati hai.

14. Hale hi mein vikasit 'High-Throughput Satellites (HTS)' paramparik communication satellites se kis tarah alag hain?

• Yeh sirf television broadcast karti hain
• Yeh 'Spot Beams' ka upyog karke kayi guna zyada data capacity pradan karti hain
• Yeh bina solar panel ke chalti hain
• Yeh aakash mein sthir nahi reh sakti

Sahi Uttar: 'Spot Beams' ka upyog karke data capacity badhana
HTS satellites saikdon chhote 'Spot Beams' ka upyog karti hain jisse frequency ka reuse ho sakta hai aur data transmission speed badh jati hai.

15. Satellite receiver specifications mein aksar 'GNSS' likha hota hai. GNSS ka full form kya hai?

• Global Network Satellite System
• Global Navigation Satellite System
• General Navigation Space System
• Geostationary Navigation Satellite Network

Sahi Uttar: Global Navigation Satellite System
GNSS un sabhi satellite systems ke samuh ko kehte hain jo pure vishva mein positioning aur navigation ki suvidha dete hain (jaise GPS, NavIC, Galileo).

16. Software-Defined Satellites (SDS) ka sabsay bada fayda kya hai?

• Unhe space mein hi re-program ya configure kiya ja sakta hai
• Unka size chhota kiya ja sakta hai
• Unhe free mein launch kiya ja sakta hai
• Unhe kachre se bachne ke liye gayab kiya ja sakta hai

Sahi Uttar: Space mein re-program ho jana
SDS mein hardware flexible hota hai aur software updates ke jariye launch ke baad bhi uski frequency aur features ko badla ja sakta hai.

17. Satellite communication mein 'V-band' aur 'E-band' ka upyog kyon badh raha hai?

• Kyunki yeh frequency badal se bilkul block nahi hoti
• Kyunki yeh higher frequency bands hain jo behtar bandwidth aur zyada data capacity pradan karte hain
• Kyunki inke antenna sabsay bade hote hain
• Yeh purane mobile phones mein bhi kaam karte hain

Sahi Uttar: Higher frequency bands aur behtar bandwidth
Jaise-jaise purane bands full ho rahe hain, aadhunik satellites V aur E band ka upyog ultra-high-speed data links ke liye kar rahi hain.

18. GPS mein hone wali 'Multipath Error' ka kya matlab hai?

• Satellite ka apna rasta bhatak jana
• Signal ka unchi imaraton ya pahadon se takra kar receiver tak der se pahunchna
• Ek sath kayi satellites ka crash ho jana
• Phone ka navigation network se disconnect ho jana

Sahi Uttar: Buildings se takra kar signal ka der se pahunchna
Ghane shehron (Urban Canyons) mein satellite signals buildings se takra kar aate hain, jisse accuracy kam ho jati hai.

19. Naye space mission mein 'CubeSats' ka upyog tezi se kyon badha hai?

• Kyunki inki cost bohot kam hoti hai aur inhe jaldi banaya ja sakta hai
• Kyunki yeh pure vishva ko akele cover kar sakte hain
• Kyunki inme solar panels ki jarurat nahi hoti
• Kyunki yeh hamesha ke liye space mein reh sakte hain

Sahi Uttar: Kam cost aur jaldi banna
CubeSats standard chhotey aakar ke hote hain, jisse inki manufacturing aur launch cost kafi kam hoti hai.

20. Navigation systems mein 'A-GPS' (Assisted GPS) taknik ka kya kaam hota hai?

• Cellular network ka upyog karke satellite ka location data jaldi download karna
• Bina satellite ke internet chalana
• Phone ki battery ko satellite se charge karna
• GPS signals ko jamm karna

Sahi Uttar: Location data jaldi download karke fix tez karna
A-GPS internet ya network ke jariye pehle hi data le leta hai jisse phone ka GPS kuch hi seconds mein location lock kar leta hai.